Hip hop culture Thesis Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hip jump culture - Thesis Proposal Example Hip jump was the result of the activism and inventiveness of the individuals the medication invaded roads during the 1960s and 1970s. The spots where packs once fled, parties and outside jams were held. The wars among the gatherings were changed into road hitting the dance floor with DJs with brilliant structures made by spray painting craftsmen. Hip jump culture experienced different changes from only a normal road culture into multibillion-dollar organizations and got popular around the world (Price, 2006, xi). The fame of hip bounce gave itself a notoriety for being an incredible social development that is against the standard convictions. Past the ubiquity and high record deals, the very soul of the development is as yet obscure. The character and predetermination of the hip bounce isn't clear. The warmed discussions occurred inside the hip bounce culture (Watkins, 2005, p. 5). Hip bounce truly began as a progression of creative exercises like move, music and spray painting which were all significant in indicating the African mainstream society. In the first place it was difficult to comprehend the presence of the way of life (Dimitriadis, 2009, p. 22). A few people in the general public believe the impact of hip bounce to be overstated; it has made the very center of the African and American youth than any verifiable and political occasions. Hip jump had the option to sharpen the adolescent while advancing the remarkable esteemed parts of different networks. It has been discovered that the fundamental philosophy of hip bounce is â€Å"Get in where you fit in†. In spite of the fact that the essential philosophy of African American culture is about fairness in the general public, hip bounce is about incorporation surprisingly who regard hip jump (Morgan, 2009, p. 48). DJs prospered in the hip bounce culture. One of them is Joseph Saddler otherwise called Grandmaster Flash. He designed blending wherein at least two music are played and recorded together. He additionally imagined punch-staging which is adding some popping sounds to sound tracks (Hatch, 2006, p. 24). It

Asian Literature Essay

Asia, the world’s biggest landmass, extends from the zone once in the past known as the U.S.S.R. to the Bering Strait and as far south as the Indian Ocean. Researchers limit the regions of Asia to concentrate overwhelmingly on the Eastern Asian territory concerning Asian American abstract rules. Asian American writing permits a further investigation of the past and customary Asian ways of thinking like Confucianism and Buddhism. Asian American writing additionally gives a voice to a culture commonly overlooked permitting Asian American writers to disperse generalizations and clarify social customs. Asian American writing contains various starting nationalities, religions, dialects, and methods of reasoning for a solid philosophical definition. Asian Philosophy The premise of Eastern Asian way of thinking discovers establishes in the rule of consciousness of the connection between all things and occasions. This rule clarifies the possibility of the idea of the unification of a person with the universe or a feeling of unity. Eastern way of thinking includes the standards of Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, and Taoism. Buddhists have confidence in the rule of the Middle Way or to look for balance and stay away from guilty pleasure or excess (Ling, n.d.). Buddhists acknowledge the temporariness of nature and an interconnection of all things. Confucianism incorporates the standards of individual and administrative ethical quality, suitability of social connections, genuineness, and equity (Ling, n.d.). Hinduism in India and Taoism in China are two different ways of thinking ruling from Eastern Asia. Hinduism communicates a faith in the possibility of the Absolute. This guideline clarifies the acknowledged human reality as a figment in light of the fact that the soul lives vastly. Hinduism lectures the possibility of reflection to associate with the earth and arrive at self-acknowledgment. Taoism communicates the standard of Nature. Taoists accept the guideline of Nature streams all through life and associates all things (Ling, n.d.). Taoists try to discover amicability with Nature to locate a cheerful and temperate life. Restricted introduction to Asian way of thinking in America through writing cause a cliché and constrained assessment of Asian American culture and reasoning. Regularly Americans discover introduction to Asian and Asian American culture and theory through motion pictures and network shows making explicit generalizations of Asian culture. The deficient accessibility of Asian and Asian American writing in the United States to clarify the standards of the Asian methods of reasoning Asian Americans accept doesn't give a solid voice in the Asian American people group for change. The writing accessible clarifies the experience of Asian Americans in the United States. Asian Literature The encounters of Asian migrants and Asian Americans in present day society encapsulate Asian American writing. Researchers by and large perceived Asian American writing composed start during the 1970s as a feature of the Asian American standard. Asian American writing portrays the foreigner involvement with America and in later age absorption. Asian American writing shows how language made generalizations hard to survive. Asian American writing likewise investigates the sentiments of Asian Americans living in internment camps during WWII and how Asian Americans consolidate Asian culture with American culture to fit into the American social plan. In the exposition â€Å"Mother Tongue† by Amy Tan clarifies how all individuals communicate in various dialects and the resulting arrangement dependent on discourse. Tan clarifies the various sorts of English she uses to compose and the sort of English she utilizes when she talk with her mom. At the point when Tan addresses her mom she talks broken English with the goal that her mom sees instead of linguistically right English. â€Å"I heard myself saying this: not squander cash that way,† (Wong, 1996, p. 40). Tan clarifies she utilizes this kind of English when talking with her family despite the fact that her mom sees more English than talking in a split up design means. Tan later says, â€Å"When I was growing up, my mother’s â€Å"limited† English constrained my impression of her,† (Wong, 1996, p. 43). Tan clarifies how in by and large American’s see Asians who talk with broke English as restricted in information or knowledge and how she herself was a survivor of survey her own mom through this generalization. Tan uses the experience of her Asian mother to clarify social prejudice in America and how English as her second language speakers makes day by day interchanges troublesome. In â€Å"No Name Woman† by Maxine Hong Kingston clarifies how a Chinese mother clarified life exercises and admonitions to her kids through similar stories she grew up being told. The mother in the story tells a bleeding story of a lady who disfavored herself by getting pregnant and how the locals decimated the woman’s effects and the family’s home just as executing creatures and taking things to favor themselves in the wake of purging the house. The story closes with the pregnant lady slaughtering herself and her child and is never referenced by the family again as though she never existed. â€Å"Don’t let your dad know I that I let you know. He denies her. Since you have begun to bleed, what befell her could transpire. Don’t mortify us,† (Maxine Hong Kingston, n.d., para. 9). Kingston’s mother grasps customary narrating from over the top guides to demoralize conduct in the more youthful ages. Garrett Hongo’s â€Å"Kubota† recounts to the tale of Hongo’s granddad and how after the assaults on Pearl Harbor by Japan he and his family dreaded for their lives. Hongo’s granddad, a Japanese American resident, accumulated for addressing by the FBI in light of being part Japanese. It didn't make a difference that he was brought into the world an American resident just like the other Japanese Americans accumulated it just made a difference that he was Asian. â€Å"Many of these menâ€it was solely the Japanese American men associated with connections to Japan who were at first adjusted upâ€did not see their families again for more than four years,† (Hongo, 1995, para. 7). Hongo investigates the political partialities suffered by Japanese American’s during the war and how this treatment changed individuals. Hongo clarified, â€Å"I am Kubota’s oldest grandkid, and I recall him as a desolate, constantly quiet elderly person who l ived with us in our home close Los Angeles for the vast majority of my youth and adolescence,† (Hongo, 1995, para. 8). End Asian American writing incorporates the philosophical and social conventions of the zone in Asia known as Eastern Asia. The for the most part acknowledged standard all through various Asian methods of reasoning is self-realization and unity with the nature. In the United States Asian outsiders battled to look for some kind of employment and social character while acclimatizing to American culture. Regularly Americans generalization more seasoned Asian Americans as not wise in view of a broke method of communicating in English instead of talking with appropriate syntax. Asians in America confronted political prejudice during the war Asian Americans steadfastness came into question due to the physical appearance of Asian plunge. Asian American writing incorporates the brilliant and sensational narrating style of Asian culture while clarifying the significance of tolerating and proceeding with customary Asian qualities to more youthful Asian American ages.

Using Essay Samples As Reference Guides

Using Essay Samples As Reference GuidesThere are many samples of essay on various subjects that you can take advantage of when trying to write a coherent thesis. First, there is the number of essay topics that you can choose from. Second, you have numerous sample texts available, both in and out of book form.Sample essays are not just numbers either. You can use a number of them as your own and make them your own. The most effective way to do this is to locate online resources that supply a large number of sample essays that you can choose from. This is a great option for those who are looking for a more wide-ranging set of essay topics.When you use the sample essays that are available online, you will find that there are many types of essay that you can choose from. You can use a variety of different style choices when you are preparing your own essay. You can also practice writing a bit before you start on your actual assignment.You will also be able to customize the essay topics t hat you choose for your essay. If you do not like one particular topic, you can simply move it to another. For example, if you choose the numbers essay as your topic, but you find that you do not like the topic you chose for it, you can move it to a different topic.You can also locate a large number of article sample essays to review as well. When you read and critique these samples, you will find that the kind of writing that you are used to doing is still applicable to this type of assignment. And, you will find that these essay samples make good study guides.If you take a close look at these essay samples, you will notice that they are not all from the same publication. The variety of essays that you can access online is almost overwhelming. You may want to purchase a book or two that contain a few different essays from different publications so that you can focus on what works best for you when you are writing an essay.Of course, you will have to pay attention to your writing in order to follow the direction that the essays give you. You can always change your subject matter once you get used to it. You may also want to practice using examples throughout your essay to help you when you are struggling with one particular idea.Finally, you should make a list of the various types of essays that you can access to find that will work well for you. By compiling this list, you will have a ready reference that you can refer to when you need to. You can also move from one essay to another so that you can develop your own skills.

What Makes A Serial Killer - 2668 Words

Abstract What makes a serial killer? Some people say it depends on the race. (See figure 4). Others say it has to do with a person’s upbringing. A known American serial killer named Jeffrey Dahmer, who was born May 21, 1960 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Was Dahmer born with the genetic make-up of a serial killer already encoded into his DNA? Did the effect of his childhood turn him into this monster? I will define the term serial killer, according to the FBI. Also, I will go into detail as to what motivates a serial killer. Society thinks that someone that has a horrible upbringing, children who are molested or abused in some way, automatically turn into these monsters, but what happens with someone like Jeffrey Dahmer who had a seemingly normal childhood? What made Dahmer a dangerous guy and most importantly, what happened with the outcome of Dahmer’s trial? I will also cover his untimely demise on November 28, 1994 at the Columbia Correctional Institution in Portage, Wisconsin, wh en he was just thirty four years old. Keywords: serial killer, Jeffrey Dahmer, victims There are so many different definitions of a serial killer now a days, but there are certain stipulations when defining a serial killer. The first would be the number of murders associated with a person. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigators, the definition of a serial killer is: (FBI, 2014), two or more killings that are committed by one person at separate events andShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes A Person A Serial Killer? Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesWhat makes a person a Serial Killer?How are serial killers caused? Serial Killers are people who kill at least 3 people in separate events with a very little cooling off period between each kill. The kills are performed in a unique fashion and the the serial killer has something that they are known for called a signature.Serial Killers are frightening psychopaths because they don t show human emotions-empathy, conscience, or remorse.What makes a serial killer different then regular peopleRead MoreSerial Killers : What Makes Us Kill? Essay1718 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding of what a serial killers mind is like, why serial killers are so popular in American pop culture and, the basic fascination and interest in serial killer cases and, review basic facts and ideas of how we can stop or try to limit cases of serial killer violence and crime, through studies and research. Covering a range of historical, medical and, scientific views in a wide variety of cases and findings, the goal is to expand on the ideas and theories of what causes people to become serial killersRead MoreEssay The Making of a Serial Killer, An Annotated Bibliography1410 Words   |  6 PagesAnnotated Bibliography: Brogaard, Berit. The Making of a Serial Killer. Psychology Today. Sussex Directories, Inc., 7 Dec. 2012. Web. 03 May 2014. Berit Brogaard, D.M.Sci., Ph.D., is a Professor of Philosophy and the Director of the Brogaard Lab for Multisensory Research at the University of Miami. She earned a medical degree in neuroscience and a doctorate in philosophy. This article explained the traits of a psychopath, such as their callous, manipulative, and cunning behavior, along withRead MoreTwo Articles on the Motives and Mind of a Serial Killer1470 Words   |  6 Pages The mind of a serial killer can be very interesting in being able to find out what makes them want to do what they do. Knowing if someone was abused as a child and if this makes them more likely to become a serial killer or not become a serial killer is something I was very curious to learn about. Something that happens in a person’s childhood can affect the way they act when they become adults. I found two sources talking about childhood abuse and serial killers. The first source was an internetRead MoreThe Mind of Monsters1390 Words   |  6 Pageshis body, and be home in time for Letterman. But knowing what to say when my girlfriends feeling insecure... Im totally lost†-Dexter Morgan (Hall, 2007). Dexter Morgan is a fictional serial killer from Showtime’s series â€Å"Dexter†, but the writers and actors have portrayed a real life serial killer. Manuel Prado is the real Dexter Morgan. Prado was a Miami cop who started with smaller crime and worked his way up to becoming a serial killer. †Prosecutor David Waksman told the Miami Herald: He wasRead MoreSerial Killers in Modern Society1558 Words   |  6 PagesSerial Killers in Modern Society Introduction For hundreds of years, serial killers have actually been a huge fascination all over the world. Even though society has an undeveloped idea as to what a serial killer is and how they function, there is much more to serial killers that people are probably unaware of. In spite of classic myths regarding serial killers which are displayed a lot in movies, this essay will recognize serial killers as irregular as the individual that utilizes various strategiesRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Serial Killers1369 Words   |  6 Pagescauses for people wanting to commit mass murder (serial killers), but these murders also affect the lives of many other people and their families. There are no positive effects when this happens, there are only negative effects on every person involved. The cause always starts with the serial killer, the victim never causes it. There are multiple effects on the serial killer, victim, the victim’s family, and the community (Violent Loss). Many serial killers are created due to psychological disorders andRead MoreSerial Killers And The Criminal Justice System1704 Words   |  7 Pages Serial Killers A serial killer by definition of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is a person who kills three or more people on different occasions (Barkan and Bryjak 70). Serial killers have been present in societies all throughout history, giving researchers opportunities to study them and bringing attention to their name. Fear and fascination with them enables the media to intrigue society as it creates TV shows, movies, and documentaries about famous serial killers of the past andRead MoreSerial Killers1314 Words   |  6 Pages like serial killers, and what drives them to do what they do. Many scientists are still researching whether or not if serial killers are driven by the way they were raised or if it is a part of their genes. This literature review will analyze what people think about the nature versus nurture debate. It will talk about the nature side and the nurture side of the debate. What is a serial killer? Eric Hickey (2012) in â€Å"Serial Killers: Defining Serial Murder† defines what a serial killer is exactlyRead More Serial Killers: Monsters or Mentally Ill Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pages Studies show that traits of a serial killer can be seen in a person at a very young age. Most warning signs go unnoticed which is why the growth of the killer continues. A thing such as animal cruelty is one of many clues inside the growth of a serial killers mind â€Å"They often start out their careers by maiming, harming, and torturing small animals.† â€Å"In extreme cases, they have been known to spend hours inflicting a slow death on animals...this is a form of control that allows them the power to

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The Impact Of Economy On The Economy - 816 Words

†¢ The economy continues to experience stable personal income growth, increasing 0.4% in April. On a quarterly basis, personal income rose 4.1% in the first quarter, staying within the higher-than-4% trend that started in the first quarter last year. In the first quarter, personal income rose to $15,129 billion, higher than the 2014 fourth quarter of $14,979 billion. Real disposable income—that is personal income less personal taxes adjusted for price changes—rose 5.3% in the fourth quarter, to $13,285 billion. Rising personal income fueled increasing PCE. PCE increased 1.8% in the first quarter with services and durable goods consumption rising at 2.5% and 1.1%, respectively. †¢ Despite uneven monthly jobs data, the economy’s labor utilization continued to rise. In January and February, 201,000 and 266,000 jobs were added, respectively. March jobs numbers, however, were disappointing adding only 119,000 jobs causing the unemployment rate to stay unchanged at 5.5% in February and March. Nevertheless, the unemployment rate continued to fall in the first quarter and the trend continued in April and May. Total number of jobs added in the first quarter was 552,000. April job numbers confirmed that March was a one-off dip, adding 221,000 jobs, which brought the unemployment rate down to 5.4%. Although 280,000 jobs were added in May, unemployment rate was recorded 5.5%, due to an increase in the civilian labor force by 0.25% compared to a 0.1% increase in April. †¢ The economyShow MoreRelatedEconomy And Its Impact On The Economy Essay1424 Words   |  6 Pages Sometime in late 1950’s Minsky started warning about the gradual shift of the economy from a very robust financial system that was stable and with no financial crisis in the early postwar period. He had called with his analysis that gradually over time debts in the private sector would tend to build up and increasingly risky financial innovations would increase over time. He is very famous for the statement that stability itself is destabilizing. Although things seem very stable today, graduallyRead MoreThe Impact Of European Economies On The European Economy2620 Words   |  11 Pagesthis essay GDP will be used as the primary measure of the strength of an economy. Some may argue that this is not the sole measure: there are many other factors, which come into the strength of an economy such as unemployment, government spending and consumption. Furthermore the statistics s urrounding GDP may themselves be inaccurate and hold distortions since it doesn’t take into account distribution of income and hidden economies such as the black market. However, it is easiest to look primarily atRead MoreChina s Economy And Its Impact On The Economy Essay2332 Words   |  10 PagesWith the one of the fastest growing economies in the world, China’s increased consumer spending, rising incomes, with unique demographics and an increasingly open business huge population of 1.3 billion not only creates a massive internal consumer market environment that have all helped to make the Chinese market increasingly attractive to international businesses across a variety of industries. China is distinct from other developing markets in a number of important ways, all of which have strongRead MorePolitical Economy And Its Impact On The American Economy2306 Words   |  10 Pages Political economy is defined by how political policies and economic processes work to gether to influence society. It encompasses the notion that political systems influence economic systems and vice-versa. Similarly, in America today, it is apparent that the economy heavily effects the education system. Evidently, the American education system also impacts the American economy. There is a complex relationship involving interaction between educational policy and the political economy, which includesRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Economy1530 Words   |  7 PagesThe impact that globalization has and will have on the U.S economy continues to be one of the most debated economic issues of our times. Many people believe that due to the international trade there are less jobs and lower wages for people. International trade is important to the America economy, and to the economy of the world as whole, because neither the United States nor any other country in the world has everything that its people need and want. Globalization and international trade, come withRe ad MoreImpact Of Technology On The Economy1197 Words   |  5 PagesOver the years we have seen massive changes not only in our personal lives, but as well as in the workplace. These drastic changes are due to the rise in technology and how it will continue to affect the way the economy works when looking at unemployment rates, economic growth, and inflation. It is becoming quite clear that the future of the workplace will be less centralized, more flexible, more mobile, and with a stronger use of AI. These along with other trends will continue to grow with the increaseRead MoreImpact on Indian Economy787 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of Recession on Indian Economy Changes in Consumer Behaviour due to Recession Introduction- Almost everybody today seems to be discussing about the US Recessionary trend and its impact on emerging countries, more particularly India Economists, Industrialists and the common man on the streets seem to have been horrified by the very thought of recession in India and that too due to US. Decreasing industrial production, inflation, decreasing job opportunities, cost cutting, reducingRead MoreU.s. Economy s Impact On The Economy955 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the economy could benefit from the tuition increase being put back into it. With this extra money the economy could start to recover from the recession that designated start was December 2007 (R.F., 2015). While recovery is very important for America, how can tuition increase help to rebuild a country that needs less people in debt and more productive citizens producing rather than increasing debt due to rising cost? How much will the government take from students to rebuild its economy? DeprivingRead MoreImpact Of Globaliz ation On The Economy2474 Words   |  10 Pageslimited. Today, the economies of most countries are so interconnected that they form part of a single, interdependent global economy. Globalization has been defined as â€Å"the process of international integrating arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. † With this meaning, perspectives, social norms, and business conducts are being exchanged across cultures. It has changed the world in more ways than we can imagine. The most profound impact of globalizationRead MoreThe Impact Of Internet On The Economy1544 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction There has been a paradigm shift in the nature of the economy; from industrial to informational. The rapid proliferation of internet have made an impact on almost every industry including the education industry. Internet has become the preferred mode of communication. It has helped in not only bringing the world closer through websites, emails, internet phones, and social media but also have been one of the most significant factor responsible for cost reduction, increased convenience

Retail Business Employee Motivation Either â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Retail Business Employee Motivation Either? Answer: Introducation Motivation may either be intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is determined by the actions and behavior of the individual, and is focused on improving the quality of work life. They are more long term than extrinsic motivators. These involve benefits that are tangible such as salary or promotions. They are outside the control of individual managers. They have a powerful but only temporary management (Osabiya, 2015).; Importance of motivation In their research on the effect of motivation on employee performance in Kosovo municipalities, Ismaijli et al (2015) found that employers need to invest highly to achieve this. Motivation was cited as the most important element in the organizations surveyed, since it affected employees attitudes towards their work, enabling them to decide whether their jobs were worth the effort or not. In some sectors, motivation is doubly important, since employees may not always have the same level of expectations from their employers as other employees would have. Srivastava and Barmola (2011) on the other hand focus on the issue of poor performance even with employees who are well skilled and qualified. Rather than the notion that people are naturally lazy and are only forced by circumstances to work, the researchers find that employee performance is instead a product of how well motivated they are. Motivation is crucial if employees are to be satisfied with their jobs. This in turn will enable them to expend more energy in fulfilling their roles in the organization, and feel that they belong. Motivation therefore helps not only in improving performance, but also in creating an ideal organizational culture. The findings by Srivastava and Barmola (2011) are further backed in research by Achim, Dragolea and Balan (2013). The research finds that employee motivation is critical if an organization is to help its employees achieve job satisfaction. Job satisfaction means that they are not only happy about their position within the organization because they feel valued and respected, but that they are fully committed to helping the organization achieve its objectives. It is therefore clear from these articles that for an organization to succeed, employee motivation is vital. It will determine the levels of performance the employees deliver, and the type of culture that the organization will collectively forge as it responds to the environment. How to motivate employees In discussing how organizations can better motivate their employees, Abbah (2014) goes from the basics of having fair compensation for their work. Quoting Fredrick Taylor, the article describes money as the primary motivator that pushes people to be better performance and is important element in employee retention. The article also cites effective leadership within the organization as a powerful motivator which helps individuals aspire for bigger things, both within their roles, and in the context of the entire organization. Employees need leaders they can trust, and who are able to led them through the turbulent environment that is todays business world. Rynes, Gerhart and Minette (2004) agree that money is an important motivator for any employee, whose primary motive is to make money through work. However, there are other motivators that employers ought to look at. For instance, after a certain level, money stops becoming a great motivation, as it loses its marginal utility. The employer then needs to look at issues such as participation in decision making, and how interesting the role actually is. Employers must be seen to take an active interest in the wellbeing of their employees. At a certain level, they must give their employees the ability to make material decisions about their roles. This will help in creating ownership of process, and greater responsibility. This further fuels motivation. Seppala (2016) writes that for motivation to take hold in the organization, the organizational culture is paramount. Culture that inspires the people to do more will achieve more in terms of motivating employees. Employees will have a strong sense of purpose, and be more confident about their place within the organization. While maintaining professionalism is important, the human resource management department and senior management must foster an environment of cooperation and recognition of individual effort. Training also greatly helps in fuelling motivation and better performance. In training and developing employees, the organization enables them to better perform their roles, thereby creating more job satisfaction. Training also helps in showing the employees that they are highly valued by their employer, which creates a sense of belonging and dedication to the course of the organization (Elnaga Imran, 2013). Retail sector considerations In the retail sector, things are not markedly different. Pay is still the most important element in motivating employees to work more, and to remain loyal to the organization. However, managers have to contend with a workforce that is ever changing, with employees frequently being recruited and others leaving. At the same time, organizations need to manage the expectations of their employees, through a rigorous orientation exercise. This will enable the employee to make a well thought out decision to commit to the organization. At the same time, training and development help not only in assisting the employer chive their aims, but in helping the employee cope with a job that is usually their first (Zafar et al., 2014). According to Evans et al. (2008), the international retail business is in decline, due to several factors including online shopping. Employees can be the biggest asset as struggling organizations aim to survive in the market. For this to happen, motivation has to be given the highest priority, since it is only through the dedication of these employees that the retail business may survive. As the business increasingly becomes internationalized, employees should also be equipped with the skills which would enable them perform in different circumstances, further increasing their job satisfaction. Leadership plays a particularly important role in retail chains. Managers in retail chains face the challenge of ever high employee turnover. Employees view their jobs mainly as temporary assignments which has additional challenges in terms of motivation. However, a strong leadership style is needed so that the employees can be inspired to focus on their roles for the period they are at the organization. Efforts to increase profit margins sometimes give the manager the temptation to pay employees just what they need to perform their jobs. This strategy is however not advisable, since it fails to create a connection between employee performance and motivation to the stores success. A successful manager will therefore exploit this connection by paying people fair value for work done (Mekraz Gundala, 2016). Tan and Waheed (2011) also delve into the importance of money for retail sector employees. The paper says that while this is an important part of their motivation, it is not necessarily the most important. However, money is not the only thing needed to garner increased employee dedication and motivation to their roles. Instead, there is a need for employers to equip their employees with skills necessary to cope with an ever changing environment, and increased internationalization. For retailers faced with increased competition and dwindling market share, motivation is not only for the sake. It is a vital survival strategy, since service is increasingly becoming the most important consideration for customers. As employers seek to better motivate their employees, they have to decide between tangible and intangible rewards for work done, and as a means of motivating their employees. Culture plays an important role in this, as does age differences and other unique features. For instance, younger people may be keener on getting tangible rewards in the form of money to spend for a job well done. For others, it may be time off to spend time with their family. To successfully motivate, it is therefore crucial that the employer be able to understand the culture and other categorizations of the employees, so that suitable motivation can be applied (Saqib et al., 2015). References Abbah, M. (2014). Employee Motivation: The Key to Effective Organizational Management in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 16(4), 01-08. Achim, I., Dragolea, L., Balan, G. (2013). The Importance of Employee Motivation to Increased Organizational Performance. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, 15(2), 685-691. Elnaga, A., Imran, A. (2013). The Effect of Training on Employee Performance European Journal of Business and Management, 5(4), 137-147. Evans, J., Bridson, K., Byrom, J., Medway, D. (2008). Revisiting retail internationalization: Drivers, impediments and business strategy. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 36(4), 260-280. Ismajli, N., Zekiri, J., Qosja, E., Krasniqi, I. (2015). The Importance of Motivation Factors on Employee Performance in Kosovo Municipalities. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 5(1), 23-37. Mekraz, A., Gundala, R. (2016). Leadership Style and Retail Store Performance A Case Study of Discount Retail Chain. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 10(2), 1-10. Osabiya, J. (2015). The effect of employees motivation on organizational performance. Journal of Public Adminstration and Policy Research, 7(4). 62-75. Rynes, S., Gerhart, B., Minette, K. (2004). The importance of pay in employee motivation: discrepancies between what people say and what they do. Human Resource Management, 43(4), 381-394. Saqib, S., Abrar, M., Sabir, M., Bashir, M., Baig, S. (2015). Impact of Tangible and Intangible Rewards on Organizational Commitment: Evidence from the Textile Sector of Pakistan. American Journal of Industrial and Business management, 5, 138-147. Seppala, E. (2016). To Motivate Employees, Do 3 Things Well. Harvard Business Review, Retrieved from: https://hbr.org/2016/01/to-motivate-employees-do-3-things-well. Srivastava, S., Barmola, K. (2011). Role of Motivation in Higher Productivity. SMS Varanasi, 7(1), 88-99. Tan, T., Waheed, A. (2011). Herzbergs motivation-hygiene theory and job satisfaction in the Malaysian retail sector: the mediating effect of love of money. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 16(1), 7394. Zafar, N., Ishaq, S., Shoukat, S., Rizwan, M. (2014). Determinants of Employee Motivation and its impact on Knowledge Transfer and Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 4(3), 50-69.

Poland Case Study

How to Write a Perfect Research Paper

How to Write a Perfect Research Paper How to Write a Perfect Essay What is a research paper What to consider before writing a research paper How to start a perfect research paper: Tips on how to start How to write a perfect outline How to write a perfect thesis How to write an introduction How to write a body: Tips on body writing How to finish a research paper: Tips on conclusion writing Tips on revision Perfect essay example: National Honor Society What is a research paper Research papers are academic essays that have a theoretical basis and informed data that has in-depth research. Such documents might take an angle of argumentative thesis or discussions. Therefore, students should be keen to understand the kind of research papers that they need to focus their energy. A time comes in a students academic life when to deliver a perfect research paper. Students find it difficult to comply with the requirements to produce such documents. Therefore, students have unnecessary anxiety hence they continuously procrastinate research work that ultimately leads to delivery of imperfect research papers. Delivery of a perfect research paper requires experience and continuous practice. Therefore, only writers who diligently dedicate, practice and have the willingness to learn as well as become patient achieve greater experience hence deliver perfect research papers. What to consider before writing a research paper Writing a research paper requires preparation to get a solid footing. Therefore, students should practice planning their time properly. Students should allocate time for brainstorming as well as a time frame for an actual research, time for writing a paper as well as day gaps for the first and the second drafts. Secondly, writers should read and understand the research questions to grasp every detail that the instructor requires in the essay. Students should explore all the meanings of the question as well as breaking the problem down into key words such as ‘illustrate, ‘analyse, ‘discuss and ‘contrast. Separately, students should plan and execute the research process in a systematic manner and target information that is relevant to the research question. Also, a student should sort out the relevant sources of information especially books, articles, and magazines among others as well as the best online resources. Lastly, authors should organize all the materials that the research paper requires before evaluating the essay topic. Besides, students should be in a position to select the best approach for the research question, the main theme, and ideas that are emerging, the arguments that the writer is pursuing as well as the best evidence for the research paper. How to start a research paper: Tips on how to start Choose an interesting topic: students should choose topics with adequate information hence it is necessary to conduct a preliminary research to ascertain the idea. Consequently, a student should scan the feedback and evaluate the bulk and content of the information that has been published and narrow down the topic to be specific. Conduct preliminary reading and keep the records: authors of perfect research papers collect all the index cards and take notes on the information they gather. The information in their collections should include titles of the sources, information on the publisher as well as quotes and the page numbers among others. Mapping up the mind: writers usually do a mind map and outline that entail relevant information and points as well as personal ideas, questions that need answers. Outlining the ideas ensures proper grouping of the points logically. Developing a thesis: students should write focused arguments that are well defined by three to five points. The thesis should contain at most two sentences to give the direction of the research paper. Drafting an outline: a student should prepare an outline of the paper noting important points to include in the body and the entire article. How to write a perfect outline After completing all the pre-writing activities, students should make a research paper outline. The outline provides the baseline of the research paper where the student builds the whole paper. The outline should contain a detailed introduction, the body, and conclusion as indicated below. Introduction: should have a hook, an elaboration of the audience and thesis statement. Body: The body should have at least three arguments in individual paragraphs. The points should support the thesis statement with clear evidence that supports the points. Conclusion: students should include a summary of the argument. Besides, they should reiterate the thesis statement and a call for action. How to write a perfect thesis A perfect research paper has a specific and arguable thesis statement at the end of the first paragraph. Therefore, students should be clear and straightforward as well as refrain from general statements. Thus, the students should ensure that the thesis statements answer the So what? questions and able to explain the point to the reader giving the audience a reason to read the paper. Also, a thesis statement should reveal the position of the writer regarding the issue at hand. How to write an introduction Students should write an intriguing introduction which is well informative hence they should include hooks, elaborate the target audience and a thesis statement. Students who conduct detailed research should have introductions. Besides, the introduction should detail indicate the statement of the problem, the definition of terms, a theoretical frame work, methodology, and hypothesis. Also, it should include the significance of the research and scope among others. How to write a body: Tips on body writing When writing the body of the research paper, students should use the outline and note cards. Write the first paragraph on the subtopic as indicated in the outline and introduce the subtopic in the first sentence. After that, use different pieces of evidence to elaborate on the subtopic supporting the thesis statement. Students should use the note cards to get the different materials such as statics, quotes, and pictures. Consequently, the student should cite all the information from the research. The same procedures follow for the remaining paragraphs as well as subtopics until the writer captures all the information about the thesis statement. Authors who engage in detailed research give background information about the research as the first subtopic of the body. Subsequently, the student provides presentation and analysis of data regarding the topic. How to finish a research paper: Tips on conclusion writing When concluding research papers, students should consider the perspectives of the readers as well as how such papers will be of benefit. Therefore, it is necessary for students to connect the research paper to the great context regarding the issue as presented in other publications. Students should provide implications of the findings as well as the relevance of the topic. Students should give suggestions or ask questions or ideas for future research. Students should revisit the main point and research question with unseen insight. Students should give a summary of a research paper as well as giving the consequences of the idea from the research paper. Tips on revision When revising the research paper, students should set the draft for a day before review to objectively view the paper and notice all the problems. Secondly, the writer should refine all the arguments. Writers need to organize paragraphs as well as a rewording of the sentences as well as elaborating evidence clearly about the subtopics. Read the research paper aloud to identify the simple mistakes especially writing errors and unclear statements and spellings. Sometimes it is relevant to give someone else the research paper to read to notice grammar, spelling and ambiguous sentences among other problems. Research paper sample: Teaching Strategies Education requires a comprehensive and developmental approach to ensure that children acquire the necessary skills in schools to face numerous challenges in their daily endeavors in life. Combining all the developmental approaches in teaching enable children to grasp the ideas as well as accommodate all the unique styles that children use in their learning processes. Some tutors appreciate dictation as a strategy in teaching students. Therefore, the teachers make the students develop the passive audience and feed them with information hoping that all of them will grasp the entire concept to the later. The technique requires that the student take the responsibility to comprehend all the skills and techniques on their own. Thus, it is referred to as the deposition method where the students become the depositories of information and teachers are the depositors. The concept allows one-way communication process from a teacher to the students hence students partially grasp the concept mainly through memorization and repeat. In the long run, the students do not develop critical thinking concepts and do not debate upon the information. On a separate, not tutors who encourage participative concepts to appreciate interactive learning among the students. Under this method, students grasp a lot of information from the course material since they focus, engage their minds as well as the debate over different ideas. Besides, the method helps students to ask questions and form group discussions hence they can absorb ideas creatively and understand the value of the subjects. Consequently, they will be able to devote much of their time and energy learning new concepts and ideas. On a separate note, interactive learning encourages collaboration where student formulates new ideas and opinions as well as creating their environments to work with their peers interactively. Thirdly, some teachers appreciate the use of props, visual aids, and movies in teaching. The methods make the student stay alert and engage. The main advantage of the method is that it brings great captivation of attention and make the students develop more interest in the material. Therefore, the method stimulates the mental functionality which is sufficient for active learning. Also, the technique makes student grasp concepts separately as they have different methods of learning such as listening and watching. In conclusion, various teaching strategies bring different ways on how students hear and comprehend information that is useful in their daily lives. Some of the best methods include the use of videos, active learning as well as lecturing. However, a combination of all the methods is effective since it allows accommodation of different styles that students use for learning.

Futures and Options Market Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Futures and Options Market - Term Paper Example In financial reporting, VAR is considered one of the major three methods used and as well recommend by the FRR. The method plays a major role in ensuring they give the most likely the institution is likely to suffer when operated under normal market movements. The rule of disclosing markets risks requires that the method must gauge the level of risk they are exposed to and make sure their investors can make their judgement in regards to the same facts. In a real sense, it should be a faithful model of letting them know what is happening on the ground. The FRR requires the investors the make demands of hefty compensation if they learn it after the risks have taken place (JORION, 2001). By testing, it’s revealed that the relationship between the cost of capital and VAR are positive. The results obtained are of great facts. This is even after they have taken care of various characteristics of the firms operating in that market. The relationship between the cost of equity and VAR shows that, it’s an effective measure which can be used to determine the value investors are likely to make for being exposed to the market risks. Moreover, am looking to determine whether, VAR is also accounted for in the determination of the cost of equity. I have achieved this by involving measures of complicated elements of the banks. On the other hand, the report is more effective to Reckless bank PLC whose management are thinking of taking value-at-risk in order to boost their stakeholders value. This means they will be able to make their decisions on the basis of the results they have obtained from various correlation and simulation models. Then realization of the fact that stock markets are affected by the VAR reported in terms of the results reported in an economical perspective, it brings the need to look at these results more keenly and avoid the losses which are associated with it (PENZA & BANSAL, 2001). The

Junk food Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Junk food - Assignment Example The researchers in this research paper set out to find out and verify whether the availability of junk food in schools was the reason that led to the obesity in these children. The research only focused on the children from fifth grade and only during school hours and depended on reports from the children and their parents on issues to do with exercises when at home which were bound to be biased or incomplete in some ways. The sample was of 9,380 children who were all in fifth grade in both public and private schools and who had started school in 1998. Data collected from them was that of BMI at the beginning and the end of the research period and the difference calculated. Data was also collected from parents, teachers and other school sources on things such as the children’s cognitive skills and abilities, their social wellbeing, emotional and physical wellbeing and development and especially on their physical activity both in school and at home which may change the results of the BMI in the long run. The data was collected in 2003 and 2004. Other than collection of data on BMI and physical activity, it was also collected on the amount of junk food consumed and the number of calories the junk food contained (Datar and Nicosia, 2012). The results indicated slight increases in BMI in these children from the calories intake of the junk food consumed in school. The physical activity also was very minimal both in school and at home based on the reports from the teachers, parents and the children themselves.

The History Of Limnology

The History Of Limnology Limnology is an interdisciplinary field of study that has been around since the 16th century, however, as a distinct field of science, has existed less than 60 years. The word Limnology in Greek means lake knowledge and is defined as the study of inland waters with reference to the biological, chemical, physical, geological, and other attributes to inland waters (running and standing waters, both fresh or saline, natural or man-made) (Wikipedia definition, 2010), hence the multidisciplinary status. Limnology is essentially a synthetic science composed of elements some of which extend beyond the limits of biology as ordinarily conceived. Beginnings of knowledge concerning fresh water life, like those of marine life, arose in the remote past, possibly before the days of Aristole (384-322 B.C). These early beginnings, often strange mixtures of fact and fancy, have no scientific value (Welch, 1952). As time went on and mans knowledge of his surroundings slowly increased, certain unusual fresh water phenomena were observed and recorded in simple fashion, often with increasing accuracy. However, aside from the historical interest involved, no significant contributions of a strictly limnological nature were made for at least nineteen hundred years after the time of Aristole, although, certain facts about the habitats of fishes, emergencies of aquatic insects, aquatic plants, and so on, easily observable happenings had been described. The study around limnology has attracted many scientists, usually ecologists simply for reasons of aesthetic appeal of being by a lake. Since the early studies of lakes and other water bodies, one of the main points of study was biological aspect of what was found in the lakes and finding relationships between animals and their environment with regard to the population and community level of organization and their experimental testing. In addition to being intellectually stimulating, limnology is of great practical importance in that the limited supply of fresh water must be shared by an ever growing human population, thus becoming subject to pollution, misuse, and depletion. While Peter Erasmus Muller is sometimes credited with laying the foundation of limnological research with his plankton discoveries in fresh water, and while it appears that Anton Fritsch began lacustrine investigations in the Bohemian Forest as early as 1871, it remained for F. A. Forel (1841-1912), a professor at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, to recognise the real biological opportunity in lake investigations and, by his work, to become the founder of modern limnology. Limnology first came to be in 1901 through the publication of the first ever text on the subject which led to world-wide recognition. Before this time since 1650, the progression and development of limnology was rather slow and steady, however the work that was done was influential and set a platform for other scientists to build on methodology and application. Such an influential figure emerged as one, Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723), a Dutch tradesman and scientist from Delft, Netherlands. He is commonly known as the father of microbiology, and considered to be the first microbiologist (Wikipedia 2010). He created his own microscopes and was the first person to observe single celled organisms. In 1674 he first described filamentous green alga (Spirogyra) from a Dutch lake and an early recognition of seasonal differences in algal populations as well as descriptions of rotifers. Limnology slowly progressed further and in 1787, Clark was the first to determine depths of some English lakes which for its time was a huge stepping stone for lake science. In 1865, development of the Secchi disk used for measuring water transparency in oceans and lakes was created by Professor Pietro Angelo Secchi, priest/scientist on the SS Immacolata Concezione, a steam corvet of -the papal navy travelling in the Adriatic Sea (Kalff 2002). A major trend in the studies around this time was found to be more of an ecological nature (studies revolved around ecology), as expressed in the 1867 distribution and ecology of crustacean zooplankton in Danish lakes by E. Muller, however, these studies had not been recognised by the wider community and limnology was still left in the shadows. It was the efforts of Francois Alphonse Forel (1841-1912) and his early studies on Lac Leman (Lake of Geneva) which would get world wide recognition and response and saw this form of science accelerate and change throughout the years, surviving two world wars, depressions, revolutions, and many other social, political, and economical occurrences that shaped and defined a period in history. In 1869 appeared his Instruction à ¡ là ©tude de la fauna profonde du Lac Là ©man; in 1892-1879, Matà ©riaux pour server à ¡ là ¨tude de la fauna profonde du Là ¨man; in 1892-1904 he published his monumental and epoch-making work Le Là ¨man. Monographie limnologique, in three volumes, which was not only the first comprehensive limnological treatise but which also opened up a whole new field of biological research. In 1885 appeared his La fauna profonde des lacs Suisses for which he was awarded a prize. Then in 1901, he published the Handbuch der Seenkunde. Allgemeine Limnologie, a book whic h is the first general presentation of limnology from the modern standpoint. It could even be said to be the first textbook foe the study of limnology. The integrative nature of limnology was stressed even before Forel coined the term limnology. In a prescient article published in 1887, Stephen Forbes described lakes as microcosms, or little worlds (CGER 1996). Although the term ecosystem was not introduced for another half century (Tansley, 1935), Forbes defined an approach that presaged this concept. He proposed that lake studies should focus on many of the processes that today define the field of ecosystem ecology: mineral cycling, production and decomposition of organic matter, food web interactions and their impacts on the structure of biological communities, and the effects of physical conditions on biological communities. Forbes viewed these topics as essential to understanding lakes as functioning, integrated systems. Shortly after the publication of the first limnology text in 1901, came another study in 1904 (following pioneering work in 1897) delivered another aspect to this form of science, hydrology. Hydrology had been practised before, but was not of central focus and studies conducted were basic principles of stream inflows (B. Varenius 1650), water balance in determining lake size, salinity, and sediment retention (J. P. Jackson, GB), and the like. Description of internal waves or thermocline seiches in Loch Ness was carried out by E. E. Watson following work by Lord Kelvin (GB). Then in 1908 the establishment of the first limnological journal, Internationale revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie, encompassing limnology and hydrology was created. Also a systematic attempt to use a component of the biota (diatoms) as indicators of (stream) water quality was done by R. Kolkwitz and M. Marsson (DE). The period in history believed to be the catalyst for such a strong revival and explosive development was due to the hiatus produced by World War 1, and saw a new generation of limnologists eager to recover lost momentum. Limnology developed rapidly between the two World Wars , mostly in Europe, north America and Japan, because of its emphasis on fundamental research, the more applied components of limnology (fisheries, waste-water biology hydrology) went their own way. One of the key reasons for the acceleration of limnology can be put simply to the sheer number of practitioners, meaning there was a lot of relevant work going on around the world, such that, by the end of this period at least some of the limnologists had figured out, what by todays standards is considered fundamental limnology. Most of the work done around this time was on estimations of the input and output of materials in lakes, measured primary production, and recognized that changes in the nutrient supply brought about changes in the biota and affected the geo chemistry of iron (Kalff, 2002). Limnology continued to develop as a field of study and expand its geographic base during the first half of the twentieth century. Limnologists of the 1920s and 1930s founded many field stations, used them to collect a wealth of information on individual lakes, and synthesized this information at the regional scale. As practiced during these decades, limnology was essentially an observational science: knowledge gained was largely from sample collection and analysis of the resulting data rather than from controlled experiments (CGER 1996). August Thienemann (1882-1960) and Einar C. L. Naumann (1891-1934) were two prominent young scientists, ecologists of better description, from Europe. Naumann divided lakes on the basis of their implied nutrient content, and in the process acknowledged them to be open systems linked to their catchments or drainage basins through the supply of nutrients from the land. He came up with the use of glass slides to study the attaching organisms in nature in 1915 which was a huge success. Thienemann was considered a very good scientist (ecologist) and was the major player in the development of research not only on individual insects (autecology) but also on functional groupings (producers, consumers, and reducers) which, as early as 1914, laid the foundations for later research on energy flow in aquatic systems (Vollenwieder and Kerekes 1980) and anticipated the ecosystem concept (Rhode 1979). Between 1910 and 1914, he was involved with studies on the volcanic Eifel Maar lakes in Germany, which provided the basis for his organization of lakes in terms of bottom-dwelling invertebrate communities and their relationships to chemical conditions, in particular the oxygen content, of bottom waters of lakes. A. Thienemann and E Naumann were among the most highly regarded limnologists who led a 30 year effort, largely between the two World Wars, to classify lakes, they also aided the development of limnology through the establishment of the International Association for Theoretical and Applied Limnology in 1922, an organisation with strong educational programs and communication networks linking professional limnologists. Limnologists in the United States were organized as the Committee on Aquaculture in 1925 and as the Limnological Society of America in 1936. It joined with oceanographers to become the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography in 1948; its journal, Limnology and Oceanography, one of the premier research periodicals on lake limnology in the world, was launched in 1955. Birge and Juday are usually included among the founders of limnology (Wetzle 1996). Their contribution to the study of progressive limnology began the foundation of knowledge among the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of lakes. Fig 1. Edward Birge and Chancey Juday with plankton trap on Lake Mendota in Madison, Wisconsin, circa 1917. SOURCE: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Visual and Sound Archives. Edward A. Birge (1851-1950) and Chancey Juday (1871-1944) were two scientists studying out of the University of Wisconsin studied many different types of lakes that differed in morphometry and size and in geologically varying basins and were generally sceptical about the possibility of constructing new data points from the relatively few non-humic lakes and some of those lakes were accessible to Thienemann and colleagues in northern Germany. By investigating many of these lakes, they were able to distinguish between what they called autotrophic lakes and allotrophic lakes, among others (Kalff 2002). They also recognised differences between lakes without stream inflows or surface outflows (seepage lakes), which receive most of their water and nutrients directly from the atmosphere or from groundwater, and lakes with a larger catchment area able to nourish in and outflowing streams (drainage lakes) that in-turn provide much of the water and nutrients originating from land. Birge and Ju day were considered ahead of their time by the fact that they were able to recognize the existence of both internally autochthonous and externally allochthonous derived carbon sources underpinning lake food chains. Characterization of lake types along environmental gradients was hugely rewarding for Birge and Juday, however, the descriptive phase ended mainly because of the rise to superiority after World War 2 of G. E. Hutchinson (US). G. Evelyn Hutchinson (1903-1991) dominated limnology stimulating a great deal of research between 1945 and 1980 about, among other topic, understanding the behaviour of whole ecosystems through assembling work on biological components (species) and their interactions with each other and their environment , the backbone of the field of ecology. He was a pioneer in the development of innovative experimental techniques (CGER 1996), using radioisotopes of phosphorus in lakes as early as the 1940s and bioassays of nutrient effects on phytoplankton population dynamics as early as 1941. The post war period heralded an unprecedented rapid growth of limnology starting in the mid to late 1950s. Its growth was fuelled in the western world by increased funding, the opening of new universities and research centers, and the development of much better analytical (electronic) and sampling equipment that was the result of technical advances made during the war. In the period from 1960 1980, there were major changes in the way limnological research was carried out (Kalff 2002). Until this time, all projects done had been related and research almost exclusively by single scientists alone, sometimes assisted by one or more graduate students or a technician. During the decades of 1960 and 1980 and aided by funding from the International Biological Programme multidisciplinary teams were established in economically strong countries. This now meant that limnologists could answer bigger questions, were able to locate, observe and record data of not only entire lake systems, but of virtually any body of water from the biology to the morphometry. The 1960s and 1970s saw the beginning of research funding shifts away from fundamental or basic research, where direction and questions are chosen by the scientist. These days research is conducted through government, therefore focussing on important issues or perhaps problems which took a large portion of the funding away from the basic research previously conducted. During the past few decades, limnological research has led to impressive conceptual and practical advances on all types of inland aquatic ecosystems (CGER 1996). Within the past 15 years, three new North American societies have formed, each resulting from the expanding activities in a particular aspect of limnology and its related aquatic sciences: -The North American Benthological Society (NABS) 1974. -The North American Lake Management Society (NALMS) 1980. -The Society of Wetland Scientists (SWS) 1980. These days North America and Europe, particularly north America is where limnology has become more frequent, such that, courses for limnology are provided at many research institutes across these countries, and graduate training in limnology is offered at many of these institutions, even though only a few universities have distinct degrees or programs called limnology. Limnology has grown and evolved over the years into a multidisciplinary mode of science practiced throughout the world and attractive to young scientists and amateur scientists alike. The limnological timeline has seen certain periods in history shape and influence different science techniques and created a myriad of methodologies, ideas, and approaches to applying knowledge to the field of limnology. Many people played a part in the success and rapid development of this brand of science that has helped people understand our surroundings with how they work and why, and also acknowledge what can be found in these water-based environments and how they are important in certain dynamics through the roles they play. Limnology continues to develop from strength to strength and initiate a level of interest throughout the world that will ensure its popularity. An example of this is the international limnology society, Societas Internationalis Limnologiae (SIL), known in English as the Intern ational Association for Theoretical and Applied Limnology, that was founded in Germany under the kindly endorsement and guidence of Thienemann and Naumann. Limnologists in the United States were organized as the Committee on Aquaculture in 1925 and as the Limnological Society of America in 1936. From a starting base of 221 members in 1936, the American society grew to include 4,000 scientists today. The rapid development of applied limnology, starting in the 1960s and 1970s, continues to contribute much to fundamental limnology, but has naturally stimulated much healthy argument about the true goals of science. References: Books Limnology : inland water ecosystems / Jacob Klaff. 2002. Limnology. Paul S. Welch, Professor of Zoology , University of Michigan. Second Edition, 1952. Fresh water Ecosystems: Revitalising Educational Programs in Limnology (1996). Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources (CGER). Training of Aquatic Ecosystem Scientists. Robert G. Wetzel, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama. Ecosystems and human well-being: A Framework for Assessment. Arthur Tansley 1935. Websites: . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonie_van_Leeuwenhoek. August 23 2010.

The Squire in The Caterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer :: Canterbury Tales Chaucer Essays

The Squire in The Caterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer In the General Prologue of The Canterbury Tales, the narrator, Geoffrey Chaucer, meets twenty nine pilgrims at the Southwark at the Tabard Inn. They are all going to Canterbury Cathedral to visit the shrine of Sir Thomas Becket. Chaucer decides to tag along, taking some time to describe each pilgrim. The author uses many metaphors, personal histories, and examples of how they would act in certain situations to fully describe the characters in the story. However, some of the pilgrims are given only a few lines of direct description in a very straightforward, visual manner. One of the characters in the tales is Squire, who gets only twenty lines of details, focusing on his appearance, his abilities, and his sexuality. The physical description of the Squire illustrates him as if he was a Roman statue, or taken from a chivalric romance. Chaucer describes his " lokkes crulle as they were leyd in presse"(Norton, 83), average height, great strength, "Of twenty yeer of age he was" (Norton, 83), bravery and cleverness. The author illustrates Squire's youth "as fressh as is the month of may." (Norton, 83). The dress of the squire is colorful, embroidered with flowers, short with large sleeves. He is very talented, too. Chaucer dedicates some lines in the poem to the squire's skills - horsemanship, jousting, sketching, dancing, song and verse writing: "Wel koude he sitte on hors and faire ryde./ He koude songes make and wel endite,/ Juste and eek daunce, and weel purtreye and write." (Norton, 83). The physical illustration of Squire is carefully surrounded by sexual references. The author tells us in his poem that the young character is "a lovere and a lusty bacheler"(Norton, 83), who loves so hotly that he sleeps at night "namoore than dooth a nyghtyngale"(Norton, 83). Chaucer uses meadows, fresh flowers, and squire's songs as the methphors to represent the character's sexual image that hides under the portrait of the candidate for a knight. Chaucer also refers to the object of squire's chivalry, his lady. The strange thing about Squire's sexuality and his character as a whole is its neutrality. He is illustrated as powerful and effective young knight. It seems however that he is lifeless, like a stone or still statue. The squire's physical characteristics strongly hit the reader's mind, yet not much is understood about Squire. Chaucer even portrays him in a morally neutral manner, he leaves the judgement of the squire to the reader.

The Client Maintenance

AbstractThis examination is done to watch that how extraordinary factors impacts the client maintenance. In this paper the survey was utilized as the gathering instrument. The possibility of this examination was obviously advised to the respondents. The exploration was done on 300 respondents through which 170 filled polls were returned. We have utilized the co connection examination and the relapse investigation. Unwavering quality examination was likewise done. Pearson co connection examination was utilized to test the created speculation. Through the discoveries we come to realize that Customer reliability have constructive outcome on the client maintenance. With the assistance of this investigation the conclusion and the future suggestions are said. Part # 01 1.Introduction1.1 Background of themeClient maintenance in basic words is characterized as checking of the business that serves to measures how steadfast its clients are. Then again it is likewise characterized as keeping up the client towards their item (White and Yanamandram, 2004). Client maintenance is the principle objective for the organizations that aides in keeping up their business (Coviello , 2002).There are an expansive number of firms that are connected with the client maintenance . The organizations will undoubtedly anticipate the client maintenance to get the focused on result Kotler (2003). Client maintenance happens when the clients are completely happy with the administration gave by the inns (Grà ¸nhaug and Gilly,2001).On the other hand the clients are particularly faithful towards their image (lodging) and it brings about the client maintenance of that brand (Buttle, 2004). Every proprietor centers around the client maintenance to accomplish the greatest benefits and advantages (Dawkins and Reichheld, 2009). There are few examinations that clarify the impact of the diverse variables that impact the client maintenance in inns. This is especially simple for the clients to get disappointed with the offers administrations to them (Colgate and Lang, 2001; Colgate and Norris, 2001)1.2 Purpose Of The StudyThe Main and preeminent reason for this examination is to discover the impact of the diverse factors on the client maintenance.1.3 Research ObjectivesThe essential targets for this article are as per the following: †¢ To find the impacts of the distinctive factors on the client maintenance.1.4 Significance and extent of the investigationIn this examination the principle critical of this is client maintenance is the fundamental activity for any business for the most extreme yield. This examination is done to clarify the connection between benefit quality, client unwaveringness, condition, consumer loyalty and client maintenance. This examination will assist the entrepreneurs with working on these variables in light of the fact that these elements are the fundamental need of the each client. Furthermore, with the assistance of this investigation the entrepreneurs can succeed their lodging business. This examination is additionally helpful for other comparable associations who are confronting the issues in keeping up their clients.2. Writing Review2.2 Customer RetentionIn relatively every business there is a factor of client maintenance. The brands attempt their best for the client maintenance. Numerous analysts have been done to discover the elements behind the client maintenance ( Levesque and McDougall,1996, p.14). All the main organizations of the world will undoubtedly comprehend the significance of the client maintenance Omotayo l, (2008). The client maintenance centers around the conduct of the redundancy, and it is likewise considered as especially near the brand steadfastness and buy goal ((Hennig-ThurauandKlee,2007). (Jones and Farquher, 2003). In numerous investigates the consumer loyalty and the client maintenance is taken or learned in the meantime since they both have the relationship. Through Customer maintenance and the consumer loyalty we can get to the client's dependability and for this the client maintenance is contemplated profoundly. As indicated by Ennew and Binks (1996) there is a solid connection between the client maintenance and administration quality. Numerous specialists have likewise demonstrated the connection between the client maintenance and administration quality (Hennig-Thurau 1997) . Client maintenance is the fundamental factor for the key of accomplishment for any business. So every brand (inn) proprietor should center around the client maintenance.2.3 Service QualityAs indicated by Lenka et al. (2009) he characterizes the administration quality as ‘ it is the general examination of any administration gave by the organization, contrasting the execution of the firm of that administration with the general desires of the client. Who expect the administration (Ladhari, 2009) As per the examination of Jamal and Anastasiadou (2007) they guarantee that there are a few impacts of the administration quality on the client maintenance and the consumer loyalty. Administration quality is one of the primary factors that influence the client maintenance in the business. The brands ought to entirely center around the administration quality. Administration quality is particularly identified with the client maintenance. Numerous analysts demonstrated the positive effect of the administration quality on the client maintenance Cody and Hope (2009).In different words the administration quality is particularly important for any business uncommonly in lodging industry.2.4 Customer SatisfactionAs per Kotler(2000) Customer fulfillment on the opposite side it is additionally characterized as the it is the conduct of the client in the wake of buying the item . Consumer loyalty is characterized as † it is a term that is in the market that shows how items and administrations gave by the organization meets the desires of the client (Spreng, 2006). Then again consumer loyalty is likewise characterized as â€Å"the response of the clients in the wake of getting the administration as indicated by their desire and it brings about their inward fulfillment. It is additionally essential for the advertisers and the representative since it gives the way that they can use to enhance and upgrade their business. As per (Thai 2008) to the faithful clients winds up constant of their buying choice from a similar brand that outcomes in the consumer loyalty. At the point when there is the consumer loyalty subsequently additionally emerges the client maintenance that outcomes in the advantage for the lodging. The clients who buys consistently from a similar brand then they are very fulfilled from that brand (Lam , 2010).Customer fulfillment likewise brings about making the positive informal exchange for that business and it brings about the client maintenance (JonesandSuh,2000) . There are numerous specialists who center around the consumer loyalty to accomplish the consumer loyalty (Bontis 2007).2.5 Customer LoyaltyIn basic words (Lenkaet, 2009 characterized the client reliability as when the client ends up ongoing of any brand, benefit, store, item then the factor of client unwaveringness emerges. On other hand (Jacoby) additionally characterized client dedication as â€Å"it is the non arbitrary conduct or reaction of the client that has been appeared after some time for settling on any choice regarding in excess of one elective brand . But Oliver (2009) condemned this definition and he says that the client dependability is the blend of three human conduct and the conduct are comprehension ,influence and behavioral intention.When the level of rivalry emerges then the client reliability is enormously checked. In the event that other brand gives the substitute brand in great quality and less value the client will desert towards that brand ( Lenka., 2009). Client devotion is the positive consequence of the client's experience traits and the amount he is happy with the item. It might incorporate administration or an item. It is additionally characterized by the Jacoby that it is the aftereffect of regular purchasing of the client from a similar association. So client steadfastness is the principle factor of the client maintenance and it is particularly gainful for the monetary exercises of the business. Jacoby, and Chestnut, (1978)2.6 EnvironmentNature is characterized as † the area or region that comprise of living or non-living things (Morgan and Daryle, 2007).I terms of business it is additionally characterized as he territory which is particularly appropriate or agreeable for the client. Here the region is taken as far as business or association. In business terms the earth assumes the principle part for the client maintenance and for the workers also .When nature of the organization will be especially cordial and agreeable for the clients then the clients will pull in towards that business and it will brings about the clients and which is particularly useful for the organization's procuring and making the great picture in the market (Klee, 1997). So every association should center around the factor of condition to influence their clients to stay with their image.

Reflection Of A Pedagogical Statement Essay - 1808 Words

In this pedagogical statement I will be reflecting on and confronting my understandings about play. I will be showing this by sharing two moments of play I have been involved with during practicums. I will be covering links between understandings of play and my own practice, the problematic nature of play with respect to the role of the teacher, aspirations for very young learners in the 21st century, highlighting the role of play in developing creativity, communication and citizenship, and my avocation for play will be clearly evident throughout this pedagogical statement. The meaning of ‘play’ can be very hard to define in an early childhood context. What is play? Does all learning involve play and does all play involve learning? I believe that all play is learning, but not all learning is play. 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